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1.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e244243, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1431131

ABSTRACT

A Avaliação Terapêutica (AT) é um processo avaliativo e interventivo proposto para ser semiestruturado e colaborativo com o objetivo de promover mudanças positivas no cliente, que é convidado a ter uma participação ativa durante o processo. Na AT, os resultados dos testes psicológicos padronizados ganham destaque como facilitadores do processo de autoconhecimento do cliente. Desse modo, usualmente, integram-se os achados de testes psicológicos de autorrelato com os métodos projetivos para gerar informações que possam ampliar a visão que o cliente tem de si. Neste artigo, buscou-se compreender o potencial de uso dos testes psicológicos e da relação colaborativa a partir de um caso atendido na perspectiva da AT. A participante, Violeta (nome fictício), foi atendida em 10 sessões com duração entre 60 e 115 minutos. Foram utilizados os testes psicológicos Escala de Bem-Estar Psicológico (Ebep), Escala de Vulnerabilidade e Estresse no Trabalho (Event), Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (BFP), Método de Rorschach e Inventários de Habilidades Sociais 2 (IHS-2). Observou-se que, durante o processo, Violeta ampliou sua autopercepção, o que possibilitou mudanças no modo de agir em seus relacionamentos amorosos e na reflexão sobre como sua postura era vista por si e por seus colegas de trabalho. Acredita-se que a AT cumpriu com o objetivo de estabelecer uma experiência terapêutica que possibilitasse mudanças positivas para a cliente. Este estudo de caso contribuiu para ampliar a compreensão sobre a importância e o uso dos testes psicológicos neste modelo de avaliação psicológica.(AU)


The Therapeutic Assessment (TA) is an evaluative and interventional process proposed to be semi-structured and collaborative with the objective of promoting positive changes in the client, who is invited to have an active participation during the process. At the TA, the results of standardized psychological tests are highlighted as facilitators of the client's self-knowledge process. In this way, the findings of psychological self-report tests are usually integrated with projective methods to generate information that can broaden the client's view of themselves. In this article, understanding the potential use of psychological tests and of the collaborative relationship from a case treated from the TA perspective was sought. The participant, Violet (fictitious name), was assisted in 10 sessions lasting between 60 and 115 minutes. The psychological tests Psychological Well-Being Scale (EBEP), Vulnerability and Stress at Work Scale (EVENT), Personality Factorial Battery (BFP), Rorschach Method and Social Skills Inventories 2 (IHS-2) were used. It was observed that, during the process, Violet increased her self-perception, which allowed changes in her way of acting in her love life and in her reflection on how her posture was seen by herself and herco-workers. It is believed that TA fulfilled the objective of establishing a therapeutic experience that would enable positive changes for the client. This case study contributed to broaden the understanding about the importance and use of psychological testing in this psychological assessment model.(AU)


La Evaluación Terapéutica (ET) es un proceso de evaluación e intervención que se propone ser semiestructurado y colaborativo, con el objetivo de lograr cambios positivos en el cliente, quien es invitado a tener participación activa durante el proceso. En la ET se destacan los resultados de las pruebas psicológicas estandarizadas como facilitadoras del proceso de autoconocimiento del cliente. Los hallazgos de las pruebas psicológicas de autoinforme suelen integrarse con métodos proyectivos para generar información que pueda ampliar la visión que el cliente tiene de sí mismo. En este artículo se buscó comprender el uso potencial de las pruebas psicológicas y de la relación colaborativa a partir de un estudio de caso tratado desde la perspectiva de la ET. Atendieron a la participante Violeta (nombre ficticio), en 10 sesiones que duraron entre 60 y 115 minutos. Se utilizaron las pruebas psicológicas Escala de Bienestar Psicológico (EBEP), Escala de Vulnerabilidad y Estrés en el Trabajo (EVENT), Batería de Factorial de la Personalidad (BFP), Método de Rorschach e Inventario de Habilidades Sociales 2 (IHS-dos). Se observó que, durante el proceso, Violeta amplió su autopercepción, lo que permitió cambios en la forma de actuar en sus relaciones amorosas y en el reflejo de como ella y sus compañeros de trabajo veían su postura. Así, se cree que ET ha cumplido el objetivo de establecer una experiencia terapéutica que permitió cambios positivos a la cliente. Este estudio contribuyó a ampliar la comprensión sobre la importancia y el uso de las pruebas psicológicas en este modelo de evaluación psicológica.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Therapeutics , Psychological Techniques , Psychological Distress , Anxiety Disorders , Projection , Psychoanalysis , Psychological Tests , Psychology , Psychotherapy , Rabies , Rorschach Test , Shame , Social Adjustment , Social Behavior , Social Environment , Social Identification , Social Isolation , Social Support , Socialization , Avoidance Learning , Sublimation, Psychological , Temperance , Thinking , Unconscious, Psychology , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Behaviorism , Shyness , Adaptation, Psychological , Attitude , Mental Health , Efficacy , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Negotiating , Mental Competency , Codependency, Psychological , Communication , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Counseling , Affect , Disaster Vulnerability , Personal Autonomy , Defense Mechanisms , Behavior Control , Harm Reduction , Researcher-Subject Relations , Trust , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Aggression , Dependency, Psychological , Depression , Diagnosis , Emotions , Escape Reaction , Exercise Therapy , Extraversion, Psychological , Fantasy , Resilience, Psychological , Fear , Video-Audio Media , Self-Control , Psychological Trauma , Psychosocial Support Systems , Occupational Stress , Neuroticism , Free Association , Frustration , Sadness , Respect , Leadership and Governance Capacity , Betrayal , Patient Care , Psychosocial Functioning , Psychosocial Intervention , Social Interaction , Information Avoidance , Listening Effort , Gestalt Therapy , Psychological Well-Being , Helping Behavior , Human Development , Identification, Psychological , Identity Crisis , Individuation , Interpersonal Relations , Interview, Psychological , Introversion, Psychological , Leadership , Loneliness , Mental Disorders , Mental Processes , Motivation , Negativism , Neurotic Disorders
2.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e251811, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448952

ABSTRACT

Apesar da importância do envolvimento paterno, sua avaliação persiste desafiadora. No Brasil, o Inventário de Envolvimento Paterno (IFI-BR) vem se mostrando adequado para uso com pais de crianças de 5 a 10 anos. Entretanto, do ponto de vista do desenvolvimento infantil e de intervenções preventivas, seria importante avaliar o envolvimento paterno quando as crianças são mais novas. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivos: identificar limitações do IFI-BR, quando usado com pais de crianças entre 2 e 10 anos, e avaliar itens para o IFI-BR-revisado. No Estudo 1, 434 pais com filhos no Ensino Infantil ou Fundamental 1 responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e ao IFI-BR. Com base em análises de dados omissos, estrutura interna e precisão, modificações foram sugeridas, visando à manutenção da estrutura interna original do instrumento. No Estudo 2, 572 pais com filhos na mesma faixa etária responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e à versão modificada do IFI-BR. Foram comparadas as frequências de dados omissos e estimativas de precisão para os itens originais e modificados, selecionando aqueles que melhor representavam essa amostra de pais para compor a versão revisada do IFI-BR. Esses resultados indicaram evidências adequadas de validade, com base no conteúdo da versão revisada do IFI-BR, quando utilizada para avaliar a qualidade do envolvimento paterno de pais brasileiros com filhos do Ensino Infantil ao Fundamental 1. Após verificadas evidências de validade adicionais, essa versão revisada do IFI-BR poderá ser utilizada, por exemplo, em estudos longitudinais e na avaliação de intervenções precoces com pais.(AU)


Despite the importance assigned to father involvement, evaluating this construct remains a challenge. In Brazil, the Inventário de Envolvimento Paterno (IFI-BR) has showed satisfactory evidence of validity for fathers of children between 5 and 10 years old. From the perspective of child development and preventive interventions, however, evaluating father involvement with younger children is essential. Hence, this study sought to: identify limitations of the IFI-BR for fathers of children between 2 and 10 years old, and evaluate items for a revised IFI-BR. In Study 1, 434 fathers of children in early childhood and primary school settings answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the IFI-BR. Based on analyses of missing data, internal structure, and reliability, modifications were suggested to maintain the original internal structure. In Study 2, 572 fathers of children in the same age range answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the modified IFI-BR. After comparison between values for missing data and reliability of the original and modified items, the items that best represented the broader sample of fathers were selected to compose the revised IFI-BR. Results indicated adequate evidence of content validity for the revised IFI-BR when used to assess the involvement of Brazilian fathers with children in early childhood education and primary school settings. After additional evidence has been verified, this revised IFI-BR can be used, for example, in longitudinal studies and to evaluate early interventions with fathers.(AU)


La participación paterna es importante, pero su evaluación sigue siendo desafiadora. En Brasil, el Inventário de Envolvimento Paterno (IFI-BR) demuestra ser adecuado para aplicar a padres de niños de 5 a 10 años de edad. No obstante, desde la perspectiva del desarrollo infantil y de las intervenciones preventivas, sería importante evaluar la participación de los padres de niños más jóvenes. Este estudio tuvo como objetivos: identificar limitaciones del IFI-BR cuando se aplica a padres de niños entre los 2 y 10 años y evaluar ítems para el IFI-BR-revisado. En Estudio 1, 434 padres con hijos en el jardín de infantes o escuela primaria respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el IFI-BR. Con base en el análisis de datos faltantes, estructura interna y exactitud, se sugirieron modificaciones para mantener la estructura interna original del instrumento. En Estudio 2, 572 padres respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la versión modificada del IFI-BR. Se compararon las frecuencias de datos faltantes y estimaciones de exactitud para los ítems originales y modificados, seleccionando aquellos que representaban mejor a esta muestra de padres para la versión revisada del IFI-BR. Estos resultados indicaron evidencia adecuada de validez, basada en el contenido de la versión revisada del IFI-BR, cuando se utilizó para evaluar la calidad de la participación de padres brasileños con niños en el jardín de infantes y en la escuela primaria. Después de verificada la evidencia adicional de validez, la versión revisada del IFI-BR se puede utilizar, por ejemplo, en estudios longitudinales y en la evaluación de intervenciones precoz con los padres.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale , Paternity , Psychometrics , Family , Child Welfare , Anxiety , Paternal Behavior , Personal Satisfaction , Personality , Personality Development , Aptitude , Play and Playthings , Problem Solving , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Reading , Assertiveness , School Health Services , Social Behavior , Social Justice , Social Support , Social Values , Sports , Stress, Psychological , Taboo , Teaching , Temperance , Time , Track and Field , Underachievement , Women , Women, Working , Women's Rights , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Child Custody , Single Parent , Marriage , Child, Abandoned , Child Advocacy , Child Care , Child Rearing , Mental Health , Family Health , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Parenting , Mental Competency , Family Planning Policy , Marital Status , Communication , Feminism , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Drawing , Counseling , Internet , Affect , Culture , Education, Primary and Secondary , Trust , Educational Status , Emotions , Empathy , Employee Discipline , Family Development Planning , Family Conflict , Child, Orphaned , Family Relations , Family Therapy , Father-Child Relations , Altruism , Masculinity , Social Skills , Work Performance , Work-Life Balance , School Teachers , Academic Performance , Androcentrism , Freedom , Egocentrism , Respect , Right to Work , Social Interaction , Gender Role , Sociodemographic Factors , Family Support , Family Structure , Psychological Well-Being , Working Conditions , Habits , Hostility , Human Development , Identification, Psychological , Income , Learning Disabilities , Leisure Activities , Love , Mothers , Music , Object Attachment
3.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e244244, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448957

ABSTRACT

Com os avanços tecnológicos e o aprimoramento da prática médica via ultrassonografia, já é possível detectar possíveis problemas no feto desde a gestação. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prática do psicólogo no contexto de gestações que envolvem riscos fetais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sob formato de relato de experiência como psicólogo residente no Serviço de Medicina Fetal da Maternidade Escola da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Os registros, feitos por observação participante e diário de campo, foram analisados em dois eixos temáticos: 1) intervenções psicológicas no trabalho em equipe em consulta de pré-natal, exame de ultrassonografia e procedimento de amniocentese; e 2) intervenções psicológicas em casos de bebês incompatíveis com a vida. Os resultados indicaram que o psicólogo nesse serviço é essencial para atuar de forma multiprofissional na assistência pré-natal para gravidezes de alto risco fetal. Ademais, a preceptoria do residente é relevante para sua formação e treinamento para atuação profissional no campo da psicologia perinatal.(AU)


Face to the technological advances and the improvement of medical practice via ultrasound, it is already possible to detect possible problems in the fetus since pregnancy. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychologist's practice in the context of pregnancies which involve fetal risks. It is a qualitative study based on an experience report as a psychologist trainee at the Fetal Medicine Service of the Maternity School of UFRJ. The records, based on the participant observation and field diary, were analyzed in two thematic axes: 1) psychological interventions in the teamwork in the prenatal attendance, ultrasound examination and amniocentesis procedure; and 2) psychological interventions in cases of babies incompatible to the life. The results indicated that the psychologist in this service is essential to work in a multidisciplinary way at the prenatal care for high fetal risk pregnancies. Furthermore, the resident's preceptorship is relevant to their education and training for professional performance in the field of Perinatal Psychology.(AU)


Con los avances tecnológicos y la mejora de la práctica médica a través de la ecografía, ya se puede detectar posibles problemas en el feto desde el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la práctica del psicólogo en el contexto de embarazos de riesgos fetal. Es un estudio cualitativo basado en un relato de experiencia como residente de psicología en el Servicio de Medicina Fetal de la Escuela de Maternidad de la Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Los registros, realizados en la observación participante y el diario de campo, se analizaron en dos ejes temáticos: 1) intervenciones psicológicas en el trabajo en equipo, en la consulta prenatal, ecografía y los procedimientos de amniocentesis; y 2) intervenciones psicológicas en casos de bebés incompatibles con la vida. Los resultados señalaron como fundamental la presencia del psicólogo en este servicio trabajando de forma multidisciplinar en la atención prenatal en el contexto de embarazos de alto riesgo fetal. Además, la tutela del residente es relevante para su educación y formación para el desempeño profesional en el campo de la Psicología Perinatal.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Psychosocial Intervention , Heart Defects, Congenital , Anxiety , Orientation , Pain , Parent-Child Relations , Parents , Paternity , Patient Care Team , Patients , Pediatrics , Placenta , Placentation , Pregnancy Complications , Pregnancy Maintenance , Prognosis , Psychoanalytic Theory , Psychology , Puerperal Disorders , Quality of Life , Radiation , Religion , Reproduction , Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena , General Surgery , Syndrome , Congenital Abnormalities , Temperance , Therapeutics , Urogenital System , Bioethics , Physicians' Offices , Infant, Premature , Labor, Obstetric , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, Animal , Pregnancy Outcome , Adaptation, Psychological , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Echocardiography , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Family , Abortion, Spontaneous , Child Rearing , Child Welfare , Mental Health , Family Health , Survival Rate , Life Expectancy , Cause of Death , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Chromosome Mapping , Parental Leave , Mental Competency , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive , Down Syndrome , Perinatal Care , Comprehensive Health Care , Chemical Compounds , Depression, Postpartum , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Disabled Children , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Gravidity , Crisis Intervention , Affect , Cytogenetic Analysis , Spirituality , Complicity , Value of Life , Humanizing Delivery , Death , Decision Making , Defense Mechanisms , Abortion, Threatened , Delivery of Health Care , Dementia , Uncertainty , Organogenesis , Qualitative Research , Pregnant Women , Early Diagnosis , Premature Birth , Nuchal Translucency Measurement , Child Mortality , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Postpartum Period , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological , Ethanol , Ego , Emotions , Empathy , Environment , Humanization of Assistance , User Embracement , Ethics, Professional , Cell Nucleus Shape , Prenatal Nutrition , Cervical Length Measurement , Family Conflict , Family Therapy , Resilience, Psychological , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications , Gestational Sac , Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event , Fetal Death , Embryonic and Fetal Development , Multimodal Imaging , Mortality, Premature , Clinical Decision-Making , Pediatric Emergency Medicine , Child, Foster , Freedom , Burnout, Psychological , Birth Setting , Frustration , Sadness , Respect , Psychological Distress , Genetics , Psychological Well-Being , Obstetricians , Guilt , Happiness , Health Occupations , Hospitalization , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, University , Human Development , Human Rights , Imagination , Infections , Infertility , Anencephaly , Jurisprudence , Obstetric Labor Complications , Licensure , Life Change Events , Life Support Care , Loneliness , Love , Medical Staff, Hospital , Intellectual Disability , Morals , Mothers , Narcissism , Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities , Neonatology , Nervous System Malformations , Object Attachment
4.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e257372, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529207

ABSTRACT

Mindfulness has been defined as attention and awareness to the present with an attitude of openness, non-judgment, and acceptance. It is suggested that mindfulness can positively influence experiences in sports and physical activity, increasing adherence to these activities. This study aimed to examine new psychometric properties of the State Mindfulness Scale for Physical Activity (SMS-PA) using classical and modern testing theories among Brazilian sport and exercise practitioners. Two studies were conducted. In the first, with 617 Brazilian sports practitioners, confirmatory factor analysis supported the bifactor structure of the SMS-PA composed of two specific (mental and body mindfulness) and one general factor (state mindfulness), which did not vary among genders. The Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM) supported essential one-dimensionality indicated by the general factor with good item fit statistics (infit/outfit 0.62-1.27). The model presented a good level of Rasch reliability (0.85), and the items difficulty estimation provided an understanding of the continuum represented by their content. In the second study, with 249 Brazilian exercise practitioners, the structural equation modeling showed that Body Mindfulness was associated with positive outcomes (positive affect and satisfaction with practice). The mediation analysis showed that people with higher levels of Body mindfulness tend to experience greater levels of Positive Affect and, consequently, greater Satisfaction with exercises. The results suggest that the Brazilian version of the SMS-PA is an appropriate measure of the state of mindfulness.(AU)


Mindfulness pode ser definido como atenção e consciência no momento presente com uma atitude de abertura, não julgamento e aceitação. A literatura sugere que o mindfulness pode influenciar positivamente experiências no esporte e atividade física e pode exercer um papel na adesão a essas atividades. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar novas propriedades psicométricas da State Mindulness Sacale for Physical Activity (SMS-PA) utilizando as teorias clássicas e modernas dos testes em praticantes de exercício físico e esporte brasileiros. Dois estudos foram conduzidos. No primeiro, com 617 brasileiros praticantes de esporte, a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC) demonstrou adequação à estrutura bifatorial da SMS-PA composta por dois fatores específicos (mindfulness mental e físico) e um fator geral (estado de mindfulness), que apresentou invariância entre sexos. A Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM) corroborou a unidimensionalidade essencial indicada pelo fator geral com bons índices de ajustes (infit/outfit 0.62 -1.27). O modelo apresentou bom nível de precisão Rasch (.85), e a estimação de dificuldade dos itens possibilitou compreensão do continuum representado pelo conteúdo dos itens. No segundo estudo, com 249 brasileiros praticantes de esporte, a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais demonstrou que o mindfulness físico esteve associado a afetos positivos e satisfação com a prática. A análise de mediação mostrou que pessoas com níveis altos de mindfulness físico tendem a apresentar níveis mais elevados de afeto positivo e, consequentemente, níveis mais elevados de satisfação com a prática. Os resultados sugerem que a versão brasileira do SMS-PA é uma medida apropriada do estado de mindfulness para atividades físicas.(AU)


La atención plena puede definirse como la atención y la conciencia en el momento presente con una actitud de apertura, no juicio y aceptación. La literatura sugiere que el mindfulness puede influir positivamente en las experiencias en el deporte y en la actividad física, además de desempeñar un papel en la adherencia a estas actividades. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar nuevas propiedades psicométricas de la State Mindfulness Scale for Physical Activity (SMS-PA) utilizando las teorías clásicas y modernas de las pruebas en practicantes de ejercicio físico y de deporte en Brasil. Para ello, se realizaron dos estudios. En el primer, participaron 617 practicantes de deporte brasileños, y el análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) demostró adecuación en la estructura bifactorial de la SMS-PA, compuesta por dos factores específicos (mindfulness mental y físico) y un factor general (estado de mindfulness), que mostró invarianza entre sexos. El Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM) corroboró la unidimensionalidad esencial indicada por el factor general con buenos índices de ajuste (infit/outfit 0,62-1,27). El modelo mostró un buen nivel de precisión de Rasch (.85), y la estimación de la dificultad de los ítems permitió comprender el continuo representado por el contenido de estos. En el segundo estudio, con 249 practicantes de deporte, el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que el mindfulness físico estaba asociado a resultados positivos (afecto positivo y satisfacción con la práctica). El análisis de mediación reveló que las personas con altos niveles de mindfulness físico tendían a tener mayores niveles de afecto positivo y, en consecuencia, mayores niveles de satisfacción con la práctica. Los resultados sugieren que la versión brasileña de la SMS-PA es una medida adecuada de mindfulness.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Psychometrics , Exercise , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Mindfulness , Psychology, Sports , Anxiety , Play and Playthings , Psychological Phenomena , Psychological Tests , Psychology , Quality of Life , Recreation , Reference Standards , Running , Attention , Self Concept , Soccer , Stress, Physiological , Swimming , Temperance , Therapeutics , Thinking , Wounds and Injuries , Wrestling , Yoga , Breathing Exercises , Adaptation, Psychological , Dopamine , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Mental Health , Reproducibility of Results , Mental Competency , Cognition , Meditation , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Wit and Humor , Affect , Mind-Body Therapies , Professional Role , Personal Autonomy , Harm Reduction , Emotions , Disease Prevention , Athletic Performance , Volleyball , Resilience, Psychological , Feeding Behavior , Pleasure , Sedentary Behavior , Executive Function , Athletes , Pandemics , Acceptance and Commitment Therapy , Psychology, Developmental , Optimism , Self-Control , Healthy Lifestyle , Diet, Healthy , Mentoring , Teacher Training , Healthy Aging , Freedom , Mentalization , Emotional Regulation , Psychological Distress , Psychosocial Functioning , Psychosocial Intervention , COVID-19 , Sociodemographic Factors , Energy Healing , Gymnastics , Habits , Happiness , Health Promotion , Mental Healing , Metabolism , Motivation , Motor Activity , Movement , Muscle Relaxation
5.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e254483, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1440795

ABSTRACT

Compreender as estratégias de resolução de conflitos utilizadas por adolescentes na relação com seus pais é fundamental para entender como ocorre seu desenvolvimento saudável. Este artigo investigou a resolução de conflitos de adolescentes em situações de confronto entre o seu domínio pessoal e o controle parental. 36 adolescentes com idades entre 15 e 17 anos, divididos igualmente conforme o sexo, responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada, que continha quatro situações de conflito hipotéticas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo semântica e a testes não paramétricos. Os resultados foram categorizados em sete estratégias: Assunção de culpa, Submissão, Mentira, Hostilidade, Diálogo/Explicação, Negociação e Outra. A forma predominante de resolução utilizada foi o Diálogo/Explicação, considerada como uma forma recorrente de defender o domínio pessoal. Foram encontradas diferenças em relação ao sexo dos participantes e à situação hipotética. Por fim, os resultados são discutidos em termos de grau de autonomia e tipo de defesa do domínio pessoal.(AU)


Understanding the conflict resolution strategies used by adolescents in their relationship with their parents is fundamental to understanding how their healthy development occurs. This article investigated the resolution of conflicts by adolescents in confrontation situations between their personal domain and parental control. A total of 36 adolescents, aged 15 to 17 years, divided equally according to sex, answered a semi-structured interview that contained four hypothetical conflict situations. Data were subjected to semantic content analysis and non-parametric tests. The results were categorized into seven strategies: Assumption of Guilt, Submission, Lie, Hostility, Dialogue/Explanation, Negotiation, and Other. The predominant form of resolution used was Dialogue/Explanation, considered a recurrent form of defense of the personal domain. Differences were found depending on the participants' gender and the hypothetical situation. Finally, the results are discussed regarding the degree of autonomy and type of defense of the personal domain.(AU)


Enterarse de las estrategias de resolución de conflictos que los adolescentes utilizan en la relación con sus padres es fundamental para comprender cómo ocurre el desarrollo saludable de los adolescentes. A partir de una entrevista semiestructurada, presentamos cuatro situaciones hipotéticas de conflicto que fueron analizadas y respondidas por 36 adolescentes de entre 15 y 17 años, divididos según el género. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis de contenido semántico y a pruebas no paramétricas. Los resultados se categorizaron en siete estrategias de resolución de conflictos: Asunción de culpa, Sumisión, Mentira, Hostilidad, Diálogo/Explicación, Negociación y Otros. La forma de resolución más utilizada fue Diálogo/Explicación, y esta categoría fue una forma de defensa del dominio personal. Asimismo, se encontraron diferencias en función del género de los participantes y conforme la situación hipotética. Los resultados se discuten en términos de grado de autonomía y tipo de defensa del dominio personal.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adolescent , Negotiating , Family Conflict , Anxiety , Orientation , Parent-Child Relations , Personal Satisfaction , Personality , Personality Development , Primary Health Care , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Psychosexual Development , Psychotherapy , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Role , Sex , Authoritarianism , Social Behavior Disorders , Social Change , Social Dominance , Social Environment , Socialization , Stereotyping , Stress, Psychological , Avoidance Learning , Taboo , Temperament , Temperance , Violence , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Career Choice , Attitude , Child Advocacy , Child Welfare , Choice Behavior , Mental Health , Puberty , Adolescent Behavior , Parenting , Intergenerational Relations , Codependency, Psychological , Interview , Communication , Comprehensive Health Care , Privacy , Adult , Sexuality , Conduct Disorder , Feedback, Psychological , Disclosure , Dangerous Behavior , Principle-Based Ethics , Decision Making , Harm Reduction , Moral Development , Dissent and Disputes , Trust , Friends , Adolescent Development , Sexual Development , Dominance-Subordination , Education , Educational Status , Ego , Emotions , Escape Reaction , Fear , Emotional Intelligence , Sense of Coherence , Forgiveness , Protective Factors , Social Norms , Emotional Adjustment , Underage Drinking , Peer Influence , Conservative Treatment , Perfectionism , Cell Phone Use , Incivility , Self-Management , Ethnocentrism , Freedom , Frustration , Psychological Distress , Social Integration , Empowerment , Transtheoretical Model , Disinformation , Social Cohesion , Citizenship , Gestalt Therapy , Family Support , Psychological Well-Being , Guilt , Happiness , Hormones , Hostility , Human Development , Human Rights , Identity Crisis , Individuation , Juvenile Delinquency , Anger , Leisure Activities , Life Change Events , Loneliness , Love , Deception , Morals , Narcissism , Object Attachment
6.
Estud. Psicol. (Campinas, Online) ; 38: e190014, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1133864

ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the moderating power of time of unemployment in the relationship between work values and psychological well-being. The sample consisted of 265 unemployed individuals, 77 men and 188 women with an average age of 27 years (SD = 7.21), with complete secondary education in 48% of the total sample. The following data collection instruments were applied: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Flourishing Scale and the Work Intrinsic Values Scale. The results of hierarchical regression analyses show that time of unemployment acts as a moderator in the relationship between the work values and the psychological well-being, so that the longer the unemployment duration the greater the individual's psychological well-being. Consequently, the shorter the period of unemployment, more intense is the feeling of negative emotions. The result yield three important contributions: demonstration of the association between work values and psychological well-being of unemployed; identification that the period of unemployment is an important moderator to understand the unemployed well-being and review of the issue of unemployment in the social and political field in times of recession.


O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o poder moderacional do tempo de desemprego na relação entre o valor do trabalho e o bem-estar psicológico. A amostra foi composta por 265 desempregados, sendo 77 homens e 188 mulheres, com idade média de 27 anos (DP = 7,21); destes, 48% tinham Ensino Médio completo. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos de coleta de dados: Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos, Escala de Florescimento e Escala de Valores Intrínsecos do Trabalho. Os resultados das análises de regressão hierárquica demonstram que a duração do desemprego atua como moderador na relação entre o valor do trabalho e o bem-estar psicológico, de modo que, quanto maior a duração do desemprego, maior é o bem-estar psicológico das pessoas. Consequentemente, quanto menor for a duração do desemprego, maior é a vivência de sentimentos negativos. Os resultados trazem três importantes contribuições: evidenciam haver associação entre valor do trabalho e bem-estar psicológico de desempregados; identificam que a duração do desemprego é um moderador relevante para compreender o bem-estar de desempregados; analisam questões relativas ao desemprego em tempos de recessão no campo social e político.


Subject(s)
Temperance , Unemployment , Work , Psychology, Positive
7.
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing ; : 67-76, 2017.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-19277

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate character strengths, physical and mental health status of the homeless. METHODS: Data were collected from November 2014 to March 2016 through the VIA-IS questionnaires and the DESC vulnerability assessment tool. The participants were 120 adultmen living in two self-reliance support facilities for homeless people, located in S city, Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. RESULTS: Physical health status of the participants was as following: ‘chronicmedical conditions that were not well-managed or significant physical impairment’ 11.7%, and ‘stable significant medical or physical issues, or chronic medical conditions that were being managed’ 46.7%. The mental health status included mild 23.3%,moderate 11.7%, and seriousmental health issues 4.2%. There were no significant differences in physical health status by signature character groups, while mental health status (F=2.46, p=.038) of the courage group was worse than that of the temperance group. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate thatmental health status of homeless people should bemanagedmore appropriately and effective nursing interventions need to be developed using their signature character. However, further research about physical health status by signature character of the homeless is needed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Courage , Ill-Housed Persons , Korea , Mental Health , Nursing , Temperance
8.
Korean Journal of Medical History ; : 557-590, 2016.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-8010

ABSTRACT

This study discusses the historical significance of the Natural Cure Movement of Germany, centering on the Kneipp Cure, a form of hydrotherapy practiced by Father Sebastian Kneipp (1821-1897). The Kneipp Cure rested on five main tenets: hydrotherapy, exercise, nutrition, herbalism, and the balance of mind and body. This study illuminates the reception of the Kneipp Cure in the context of the trilateral relationship among the Kneipp Cure, the Natural Cure Movement in general, and modern medicine. The Natural Cure Movement was ideologically based on naturalism, criticizing industrialization and urbanization. There existed various theories and methods in it, yet they shared holism and vitalism as common factors. The Natural Cure Movement of Germany began in the early 19th century. During the late 19th century and the early 20th century, it became merged in the Lebensreformbewegung (life reform movement) which campaigned for temperance, anti-tobacco, and anti-vaccination. The core of the Natural Cure Movement was to advocate the world view that nature should be respected and to recognize the natural healing powers of sunlight, air, water, etc. Among varied natural therapies, hydrotherapy spread out through the activities of some medical doctors and amateur healers such as Johann Siegmund Hahn and Vincenz Prieβnitz. Later, the supporters of hydrotherapy gathered together under the German Society of Naturopathy. Sebastian Kneipp, one of the forefathers of hydrotherapy, is distinguished from other proponents of natural therapies in two aspects. First, he did not refuse to employ vaccination and medication. Second, he sought to be recognized by the medical world through cooperating with medical doctors who supported his treatment. As a result, the Kneipp cure was able to be gradually accepted into the medical world despite the “quackery” controversy between modern medicine and the Natural Cure Movement. Nowadays, the name of Sebastian Kneipp remains deeply engraved on the memories of German people through various Kneipp spa products, as well as his books such as My Water Cure and Thus Shalt Thou Live! Wörishofen, where Kneipp had served as catholic priest as well as hydrotherapist for 42 years from 1855, changed its name to “Bad Wörishofen” (“Wörishofen Spa” in German). The Kneipp Cure and the Natural Cure Movement became a source of ecologica l thought which is currently gaining more and more sympathy from German people. It is regarded as a lieu de mémoire (site of memory) reflecting the collective identity of German people.


Subject(s)
Humans , Clergy , Fathers , Germany , Herbal Medicine , History, Modern 1601- , Hydrotherapy , Naturopathy , Quackery , Sunlight , Temperance , Urbanization , Vaccination , Vitalism , Water
9.
Medisan ; 19(8)ago.-ago. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-759154

ABSTRACT

El alcoholismo es una enfermedad que constituye un problema a escala mundial y, según estudios realizados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, los jóvenes representan el grupo más afectado. Para resolver este problema surge el Grupo de Alcohólicos Anónimos, con el objetivo de ayudar a alcanzar la sobriedad. Sobre la base de tales reflexiones se realizó una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica sobre los principales aspectos del origen y funcionamiento de este grupo, para que toda la comunidad médica de la provincia de Santiago de Cuba conozca este programa, que también se desarrolla en el territorio.


Alcoholism is a disease representing a world scale problem, according to studies carried out by the World Health Organization, the young people represent the most affected group. To solve this problem the Group of Anonymous Alcoholics is constituted, with the objective of helping to reach sobriety. On the bases of such reflections exhaustive literature review was carried out on the main aspects of the origin and function of this group, so that the whole medical community in Santiago de Cuba province know this program which is also developed in the territory.


Subject(s)
Alcoholics Anonymous , Alcoholism , Temperance , Alcohol Abstinence
10.
Psychol. av. discip ; 9(1): 83-91, ene.-jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-765542

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las intervenciones verbales del terapeuta que se asocian con el aumento en la disposición al cambio en consultantes que consumen alcohol excesivamente. Para esto se grabaron dos sesiones en audio de 10 participantes de un programa para la moderación del consumo de alcohol basado en la entrevista motivacional, se transcribieron las intervenciones del consultante y del terapeuta y se categorizaron de acuerdo al MISC 2.0. El estudio analizó 272 tríadas conformadas por la expresión pre del consultante, intervención del terapeuta y expresión post del consultante. Los resultados indican que las intervenciones que se asocian con el aumento en la disposición al cambio son: devolución de la resistencia, reformulación y acuerdo con un giro para la resistencia; enfatizar el control y la elección personal, reformulación, aumento de la discrepancia y escucha reflexiva para la ambivalencia; y pregunta evocadora y resumir para las frases automotivadoras.


The objective of this research was to determine the therapist's verbal interventions that are associated with increased willingness to change in clients who use alcohol excessively. For this audio recorded two sessions of 10 participants of a program for moderate alcohol consumption based on motivational interviewing, interventions were transcribed consultant and therapist and categorized according to the MISC 2.0. The study analyzed 272 triads formed by the consultant's pre speech, speech therapists and the consultant intervention post. The results indicate that interventions that are associated with increased willingness to change are: return of the resistance, reformulation and according to a turning point for the resistance; stress control and personal choice, reformulation, increased discrepancy; and listen reflexive for ambivalence, and evocative question and summarize for self-motivation phrases.


Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy , Alcohol Drinking , Motivational Interviewing , Psychosocial Intervention , Patients , Audiovisual Aids , Temperance , Consultants , Binge Drinking , Motivation , Occupational Groups
11.
Pensam. psicol ; 11(1): 141-159, ene.-jun. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-708975

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo describe una propuesta teórica explicativa de la relación estrés-enfermedad, denominada modelo de mediación moderada, en el cual se establece la intervención de la sensibilidad emocional y el afrontamiento en tal relación; actuando la primera como variable moderadora y la segunda como variable mediadora del modelo. La propuesta pasa por una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura reportada en los últimos 15 años sobre el tema de las variables moderadoras y mediadoras en el contexto del estrés y la importancia de su diferenciación a la hora de integrarlas en los modelos explicativos. Para ello, se usaron las palabras clave "moderación, mediación y estrés" como criterios de búsqueda en las bases de datos bibliográficas. Asimismo, se ofrecen múltiples evidencias sobre la influencia de la sensibilidad emocional y el afrontamiento en la relación estrés-enfermedad en diferentes contextos y poblaciones. El modelo de mediación moderada se presenta como una propuesta teórica a ser validada empíricamente.


The present paper describes a theoretical proposal of the stress-illness relationship, called the moderated mediation model, in which the intervention of emotional sensitivity and coping in such relationships are established, with the former acting as moderating variable and the latteras mediating variable of the model. The proposal was subjected to an exhaustive review of literature over the last 15 years on the subject of moderating and mediating variables in the context of stress, and the relevance of their differentiation when integrated in explanatory models. Key words such as "moderation, mediation and stress" were used as search criteria in the bibliographical data bases. Likewise, considerable empirical evidence is offered regarding the influence of emotional sensitivity and coping in the stress-illness relationship in different contexts and populations. The moderated mediation model is being presented as a theoretical proposal to be empirically validated.


O presente trabalho descreve uma proposta teórica explicativa da relação stress- doença, denominada modelo de mediação moderada, no qual estabelece-se a intervenção da sensibilidade emocional e o afrontamento em tal relação, atuando a primeira como variável moderada e a segunda como variável mediadora do modelo. A proposta passa por uma revisão exaustiva da literatura reportada nos últimos 15 anos sobre o tema das variáveis moderadoras e mediadoras no contexto do stress e a importância de sua diferenciação à hora de ser integradas nos modelos explicativos. Para isto foram usadas as palavras chave "moderação, mediação e stress" como critérios de procura nas bases de dados bibliográficas. Assim mesmo, são oferecidas múltiplas evidencias sobre a influencia da sensibilidade emocional e o afrontamento na relação stress- doença em diferentes contextos e populações. O modelo de mediação moderada apresenta-se como uma proposta teórica para ser avaliada empiricamente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stress, Psychological , Temperance , Negotiating
13.
Acta méd. (Porto Alegre) ; 32: 569-580, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-641503

ABSTRACT

Os autores fazem uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tratamento medicamentoso nos pacientes portadores da síndrome de dependência alcoólica.


Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking , Alcoholism/drug therapy , Temperance
14.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-135946

ABSTRACT

Background & objectives: Relapse is a common and distressing aspect of substance dependence mediated by several biological and psychosocial factors. This study examined the association between demographic variables, clinical parameters and certain psychosocial factors and relapse among patients with either alcohol or opioid dependence. Methods: Structured assessments of clinical/demographic parameters, relapse precipitants, coping strategies, self-efficacy, stressful life events and perceived social support were carried out among patients with alcohol/opoid dependence (n=30) who had relapsed and compared with those (n=30) who had managed to remain abstinent. Similar comparisons were also carried out between relapsed and abstinent patients in the individual subgroups of alcohol and opioid dependence. Results: Patients who had relapsed were significantly more likely (i) to have a positive family history of substance use and higher number of previous relapses; (ii) to be using maladaptive coping strategies; (iii) to have been exposed to a higher total number of ‘high risk’ situations; and (iv) have experienced a higher number of undesirable life events. Those who had remained abstinent tended to use significantly more number of coping strategies, principally adaptive ones and scored significantly higher on all measures of self-efficacy. Factors influencing relapse appeared to be largely similar among patients with alcohol and opioid dependence. Interpretation & conclusions: This study provided further evidence in support of the importance of certain clinical/psychosocial factors in relapse in substance dependence. It extended these results to substances other than alcohol and provides the basis for investigating correlates of relapse in a wide range of behavioural and substance use problems.


Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Adult , Alcoholism/psychology , Humans , India , Male , Middle Aged , Opioid-Related Disorders/psychology , Psychology , Recurrence , Temperance/psychology , Young Adult
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(8): 968-975, ago. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-495794

ABSTRACT

Background: Central reninangiotensin system modulates alcohol intake and inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme reduces ethanol consumption in rats, and may be potentially useful in the treatment of alcoholism. Aim: To study the effect of captopríl on alcohol intake, both in humans and animals . Material and methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, 15 alcoholics who met DSM-IV criíteria were randomized to receive captopril 100 mg/day or placebo for 12 weeks. In the experimental study, daily consumption of ethanol (10 percent v/v), water and solid food was assessed in 12 male Wistar rats before and after the intraperítoneal administration of captopríl 50 mg/kg/day. Results: In alcoholics, mean weekly standard alcoholic drínk consumption was not different during captopríl treatment or placebo. However, both groups had a signiñcantly lower intake than duríng baseline. Days of abstinence increased and days of drunkeness decreased in the group receiving captopril, when compared with baseline but not with placebo. Craving was significantly reduced by captopríl when compared with placebo. In rats, captopríl reduced not only alcohol consumption but also water and food intake. Conclusions: Captopríl decreases alcohol intake in rats and this effect is not speciñc for ethanol. Captopril did not alter alcohol consumption in alcoholics when compared with placebo but reduced craving.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Rats , Alcohol Drinking/drug therapy , Alcoholism/drug therapy , Angiotensin II/biosynthesis , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Captopril/therapeutic use , Alcohol Drinking/psychology , Alcoholism/psychology , Double-Blind Method , Drinking/drug effects , Eating/drug effects , Ethanol/administration & dosage , Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/drug therapy , Placebo Effect , Rats, Wistar , Temperance
16.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine ; : 34-40, 2008.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-167698

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The present study purposed to execute group temperance education for heavy drinkers, and to examine how much the participants' drinking behavior is improved. METHODS: We ran a drinking class composed of 4 sessions of group temperance education with 40 male heavy drinkers selected through the case management program of the National Health Insurance Corporation, and compared their drinking behavior before, right after, and 12 weeks after the class. RESULTS: The mean (SD) drinks per week was 4.8 (1.8) before the drinking class, 3.3 (2.3) (P<0.001) right after the completion of the class, and 3.6 (2.2) (P<0.001) 12 weeks after the class, showing a significant decrease. The mean (SD) alcohol intake per drink also decreased significantly from 14.4 (15.6) drinks before the drinking class to 9.3 (15.5) (P<0.001) right after the completion of the class and to 12.0 (16.6) (P<0.001) 12 weeks after the class. The mean (SD) alcohol use disorder identification test score improved significantly from 27.7 (6.3) before the drinking class to 17.8 (11.1) (P<0.001) right after the completion of the class and 20.5 (8.8) (P<0.001) 12 weeks after the class. The number of heavy drinkers decreased significantly from 40 (100.0%) before the drinking class to 26 (65.0%) right after the completion of the class and 28 (70.0%) 12 weeks after the class (P<0.001), and the number of binge drinkers also decreased significantly from 40 (100.0%) before the drinking class to 27 (67.5%) right after the completion of the class and 28 (70.0%) 12 weeks after the class (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that group temperance education by primary care physicians improved heavy drinkers' drinking behavior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Case Management , Drinking , Drinking Behavior , National Health Programs , Physicians, Primary Care , Temperance
17.
National Journal of Andrology ; (12): 1015-1018, 2008.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-309767

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss how some pre-analysis processes influence the results of semen analysis and how to minimize their influence on the accuracy of laboratory results based on the concept of total quality management (TQM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted semen quality analyses for 21 male volunteers, who had abstained from tobacco and alcohol for over 72 days for the purpose of fertilization, before and after the abstinence, and obtained their seminal parameters at 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 hours after semen sample collection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sperm concentration, sperm motility and the percentage of grade a + b sperm were significantly higher after the abstinence of tobacco and alcohol than before (P < 0.01). With the lengthening of post-ejaculation time, there was a significant decrease in sperm motility and the percentage of grade a + b sperm (P < 0.05), but not in sperm concentration (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A lot of factors may affect the results of semen analysis, including the subjects' habits of drinking and smoking and the length of time after semen collection. Therefore, every procedure of semen analysis has to be dealt with very carefully so as to meet the requirements of TQM and achieve most reliable results for clinical use.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Quality Control , Semen Analysis , Methods , Reference Standards , Smoking Cessation , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility , Temperance
18.
Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association ; : 351-360, 2008.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-39259

ABSTRACT

The principal objective of this study was to determine the importance of obesity management nutrition programs for obese male workers after performing a 10-week nutrition program and to compare changes in the obesity index, health behavior, meal intake, and blood constituents. The study subjects included 44 individuals, all without chronic disease. After the program, the weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) of the subjects dropped. Dietary life behavior scores increased. In particular, more than 30% increases were detected in self-control of surfeit, control of eating speed, temperance, and regular exercise items. Total caloric intake and average drinking intake dropped. Though insignificant, systolic pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and sGPT all dropped as compared to the levels measured prior to the program. Fasting blood sucrose, triglyceride, g-GTP, and atherogenic index dropped significantly. HDL-cholesterol, though insignificant, increased. As the result of examining correlations between the subjects' health life behavior, caloric intake, and improvement in obesity, we noted a significant correlation between self-control of surfeit and temperance in the health life behavior item, along with significant correlations among total calorie intake, surfeit percentage, and daily average drinking intake. These results demonstrated that nutrition program for obese workers performed at the Community Health Center had the effect of reducing obesity, improving health behavior, and improving clinical levels. Thus, it is advisable that obesity management programs be achieved, linking the center of local societies' health promotion projects, community health centers, and workplaces, and various programs should be developed to maintain and continue changes in workers' behaviors, such that the positive effects of improvement in obesity could be maintained, even after the program.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adipose Tissue , Alanine Transaminase , Blood Pressure , Body Weight , Cholesterol , Chronic Disease , Community Health Centers , Drinking , Eating , Energy Intake , Fasting , Health Behavior , Health Promotion , Meals , Obesity , Sucrose , Temperance , Waist-Hip Ratio
19.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 44(3): 205-209, jul.-set. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-467956

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: A recidiva do consumo do álcool após transplante representa grande preocupação nos centros transplantadores e é objeto de debate e controvérsia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a recidiva da ingesta alcoólica e eventuais fatores a ela relacionados, em pacientes cirróticos, referidos para transplante hepático. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de julho de 1995 a setembro de 2005 incluindo 90 pacientes adultos com cirrose hepática, listados para transplante. Os critérios de exclusão eram: ausência de 6 meses de abstinência, não liberação da equipe de psicologia. O diagnóstico da recidiva (ingesta de qualquer quantidade de bebida alcoólica) era feito com base nas informações contidas nos prontuários e fornecidas por contato telefônico. RESULTADOS: A recidiva encontrada foi de 18,9 por cento, que correspondeu a 14,6 por cento do número total de homens e 62,5 por cento do número total das mulheres. A raça, média das idades, classificação de disfunção hepática, tempo de etilismo, quantidade da ingesta alcoólica e realização ou não de transplante, não mostraram correlação significativa com a recidiva da ingesta alcoólica. A comparação tempo de abstinência e recidiva guardou relação inversamente proporcional. CONCLUSÃO: A recidiva da ingesta alcoólica é baixa. Sexo feminino e tempo de abstinência inferior a 1 ano têm influência sobre a recidiva da ingesta alcoólica.


BACKGROUND: Alcohol relapse after transplantation is a serious concern in transplant centers and is a subject of controversy and debate. AIM: To evaluate the relapse of alcohol ingestion and the eventual associated factors in cirrhotic patients referred for liver transplantation. METHODS: A retrospective study comprised of 90 adult patients with liver cirrhosis, listed for transplant. The exclusion criteria were: not having at least 6 months of abstinence and release not approved by the psychology team. The diagnosis of relapse (ingestion of any quantity of alcohol) was done based on the information in the patients’ histories and those provided by telephone contact. RESULTS: The rate of relapse was of 18.9 percent. This corresponded to 14.6 percent of the total number of men and 62.5 percent of the total number of women. Race, mean age, classification of hepatic dysfunction, time of alcoholism, quantity of alcohol ingested and the execution of transplant did not show significant correlation to alcohol relapse. The comparison between time of abstinence and relapse had an inversely proportional correlation. CONCLUSION: Relapse of alcohol consumption was low. Being of the female gender and having less than 1 year of abstinence has an influence upon alcohol relapse.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/surgery , Liver Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Follow-Up Studies , Patient Selection , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Temperance/statistics & numerical data , Waiting Lists
20.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 73(4): 452-462, jul.-ago. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-463508

ABSTRACT

O alcoolismo é considerado a toxicomania de maior relevância na escala mundial e a perda auditiva neurossensorial relacionada ao uso abusivo do álcool vem sendo reportada em alguns estudos, porém com resultados contraditórios. OBJETIVO: Analisar o efeito do álcool no sistema auditivo em indivíduos alcoolistas abstêmios, considerando as variáveis tempo de uso de álcool e exposição associada a ruído. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A casuística foi constituída por 75 indivíduos divididos em dois grupos, de estudo e controle. Como procedimentos de avaliação audiológica foram utilizados a audiometria tonal liminar, pesquisa das emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente e timpanometria. Para a análise estatística dos dados foram utilizados os testes de Wilcoxon e de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: Os grupos expostos ao álcool apresentaram resultados estatisticamente piores nas avaliações audiológicas. A exposição associada ao álcool e ruído não potencializou o efeito dos mesmos sobre o sistema auditivo. CONCLUSÃO: O uso excessivo do álcool por longo período de tempo pode causar prejuízo à função coclear, especificamente às células ciliadas externas.


Alcoholism is considered the most relevant addiction in the international arena and few investigations have examined the association between sensorineural hearing loss and alcohol abuse, with conflicting results. AIM: To analyze the effects of alcohol abuse on the auditory system of alcoholics in abstinence taking into account the duration of alcohol abuse and associated noise exposure. METHOD: our series comprehended 75 individuals, divided into two groups: trial and control. The audiological assessment was made by means of: pure-tone audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, tympanometry. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used in the statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: the groups of patients who had been alcoholics evidenced a statistically significant worse performance in the audiological assessment. The combined exposure to alcohol and noise was not synergic on the auditory system. CONCLUSION: long-term alcohol abuse can damage the cochlear function, specifically the outer hair cells.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alcoholism/complications , Hearing Disorders/chemically induced , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous , Statistics, Nonparametric , Temperance
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